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Abstract
Lepidium oblongum, of American origin is a new member of the European adventive flora, only detected in Romania so far. The first Hungarian stand was discovered in 2018, and others in 2020. Based on our studies, we detail its morphological characteristics in comparison with other Lepidium species. We present a new drawing and a table to help identify the species. Lepidium oblongum is easily identifiable by its divided (lobed or lobed-dentated) upper stem leaves. By analyzing selected climatic parameters we show that the new European habitats are found in the drier and cooler summer subtype of the humid continental climate belt. In Hungary, it spreads directly along the railways. The establishment of individual populations can be influenced by the location of cargo unloading and the movement of railway workers. Lepidium oblongum occupies gravelly, sun-exposed habitats along Hungarian railway tracks such as loading platforms, guardhouses and goods stations. Based on its high stress and climatic tolerance and initial spread-rate, it is consider to be a naturalized member of the European adventive flora, that could be potentially invasive along the European railways.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Dávid Schmidt, Attila Mesterházy, János Csiky
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References
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- Al-Shehbaz, I.A., Gaskin, J.F., 2010: Lepidium. In: Boufford, D., Freeman, C., Gandhi, K., Hill, M., Kiger, R., Poole, J., Schmidt, H., Shultz, L., Strother, J., Zarucchi, J. (eds), Flora of North America, vol. 7., 570–595. Oxford University Press, New York-Oxford.
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- Char, W.P., 1997: Botanical survey Kihei/Upcountry Maui Highway. Prepared for Parsons Brinckerhoff.
- Dancza, I., Pál, R., Csiky, J., 2002: Phytosociological study of Tribulus terrestris L. weed communities habiting railway areas in Hungary. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 18, 159–166.
- De Carvalho e Vasconcellos, J., Akeroyd, J.R., Rich, T.C.G., 1993: Lepidium L. In: Tutin, T.G., Burges, N.A., Chater, A.O., Edmondson, J.R., Heywood, V.H., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., Webb, D.A. (eds.), Flora Europaea 1. Psilotaceae to Platanaceae, Ed. 2., 398–402. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
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- Hewson, H.J., 1981: The genus Lepidium L. (Brassicaceae) in Australia. Brunonia 4(2), 217–308.
- Hitchcock, C.L., 1945: The Mexican, Central American and West-Indian Lepidia. Madroño 8(4), 118–143.
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- Medina Lemus, J.G., Tejero-Díez, J.D., 2006: Flora y vegetación del parque estatal Atizapán-Valle Escondido, Estado de México. Polibotánica 21, 1–43.
- Niklfeld, H., 1971: Bericht über die Kartierung der Flora Mitteleuropas. Taxon 20, 545–571.
- Oberbauer, T.A., 2002: Vegetation and flora of Islas Los Coronados, Baja California, México. In: Chaney, H.W., Mitchel, K.L., Browne, D.R. (eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth California Islands Symposium, 212–223. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara.
- Rebman, J.P., Gibson, J., Rich, K., 2016: Annotated checklist of Vascular flora of Baja California, Mexico. San Diego Natural History Museum, San Diego.
- Rollins, R.C., 1986: Alien species of Lepidium (Cruciferae) in Hawaii. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 67, 137–141.
- Rollins, R.C., 1993: Lepidium. In: Hickman, J.C. (ed.), The Jepson Manual: higher plants of California, 426–430. University of California Press, Berkeley.
- Sîrbu, C., Oprea, A., 2011: Plante adventive în flora României. Ion Ionescu de la Brad, Iaşi (in Romanian).
- Sîrbu, C., Oprea, A., Patriche, C.V., Samuil, C., Vîntu, V., 2014: Alien species of Lepidium in the Flora of Romania: Invasion history and habitat preference. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici 42(1), 239–247.
- Shaw, J., Estes, D., Ruhfel, B., Morris, A.B., Littlefield, T.R., 2020: Tennessee-Kentucky Plant Atlas. University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Austin Peay State University, University of Michigan, Furman University, and Kentucky State Nature Preserves Commission.
- Small, J.K., 1903: Flora of the southeastern United States. Published by the author, New York.
- Starr, F., Starr, K., Loope, L.L., 2006: New plant records from the Hawaiian Archipelago. In: Evenhuis, N.L., Eldredge, L.G. (eds.), Records of the Hawaii biological survey for 2004–2005, Part 1, Articles, 31–43. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers, Honululu.
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- TPL, 2013: The Plant List. Version 1.1. Retrieved April 1, 2021 from http://www.theplantlist.org
- USDA NRCS, 2020: The PLANTS Database. Retrieved September 23, 2020 from http://plants.usda.gov
- Wagner, W.L., Herbst, D.R., Sohmer, S.H., 1999: Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. Revised edition. Bernice P. Bishop Museum special publication. University of Hawai‘i Press, Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu.
- Waller, F.R., 1968: Vascular flora of Deaf Smith County, Texas. MSc Thesis. Texas Technological College, Lubbock.
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References
Al-Shehbaz, I.A., 1986: New wool-alien Cruciferae (Brassicaceae), North America: Lepidium and Sisymbrium. Rhodora 88, 347–355.
Al-Shehbaz, I.A., Gaskin, J.F., 2010: Lepidium. In: Boufford, D., Freeman, C., Gandhi, K., Hill, M., Kiger, R., Poole, J., Schmidt, H., Shultz, L., Strother, J., Zarucchi, J. (eds), Flora of North America, vol. 7., 570–595. Oxford University Press, New York-Oxford.
Carnahan, S.D., 2020: Diversity in a grassland: Flora of the Salero Ranch, Santa Cruz County, Arizona. Canotia 16, 1–83.
Char, W.P., 1997: Botanical survey Kihei/Upcountry Maui Highway. Prepared for Parsons Brinckerhoff.
Dancza, I., Pál, R., Csiky, J., 2002: Phytosociological study of Tribulus terrestris L. weed communities habiting railway areas in Hungary. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 18, 159–166.
De Carvalho e Vasconcellos, J., Akeroyd, J.R., Rich, T.C.G., 1993: Lepidium L. In: Tutin, T.G., Burges, N.A., Chater, A.O., Edmondson, J.R., Heywood, V.H., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., Webb, D.A. (eds.), Flora Europaea 1. Psilotaceae to Platanaceae, Ed. 2., 398–402. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Flores-Olvera, H., Czaja, A., Estrada-Rodríguez, J.L., Méndez, U.R., 2016: Floristic diversity of halophytic plants of Mexico. In: Khan, M., Boër, B., Ȫzturk, M., Clüsener-Godt, M., Gul, B., Breckle, S.W. (eds.), Sabkha Ecosystems. Tasks for Vegetation Science, vol 48, 299–327. Springer, Switzerland.
Hewson, H.J., 1981: The genus Lepidium L. (Brassicaceae) in Australia. Brunonia 4(2), 217–308.
Hitchcock, C.L., 1945: The Mexican, Central American and West-Indian Lepidia. Madroño 8(4), 118–143.
Jasprica, N., Milović, M., Dolina, K., Lasić, A., 2017: Analyses of the flora of railway stations in the Mediterranean and sub-Mediterranean areas of Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Natura Croatica 26(2), 271–303.
Kartesz, J.T., The Biota of North America Program (BONAP), 2015: North American Plant Atlas. Retrieved April 1, 2021 from http://bonap.net/Napa/TaxonMaps/Genus/County/Lepidium
Keener, B.R., Diamond, A.R., Davenport, L.J., Davison, P.G., Ginzbarg, S.L., Hansen, C.J., Major, C.S., Spaulding, D.D., Triplett, J.K., Woods, M., 2020: Alabama Plant Atlas. University of West Alabama, Livingston.
Keil, D., Allen, R., Nishida, J., Wise, E., 1985: Addenda to the vascular flora of San Luis Obispo County, California. Madroño 32(4), 214–224.
Lambdon, P.W., Pyšek, P., Basnou, C., Hejda, M., Arianoutsou, M., Essl, F., Jaroší, V., Pergl, J., Winter, M., Anastasiu, P., Andriopoulos, P., Bazos, I., Brundu, G., Celesti-Grapow, L., Chassot, P., Delipetrou, P., Josefsson, M., Kark, S., Klotz, S., Kokkoris, Y., Kühn, I., Marchante, H., Perglová, I., Pino, J., Vilà, M., Ziko, A., Roy, D., Hulme, P.E., 2008: Alien flora of Europe: species diversity, temporal trends, geographical patterns and research needs. Preslia 80, 101–149.
Lorence, D.H., Flynn, T.W., Wagner, W.L., 1995: Contributions to the flora of Hawai`i. III. New additions, range extensions, and rediscoveries of flowering plants. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 41, 19–58.
Lososová, Z., 2009: Digitario sanguinalis-Eragrostietum minoris Tüxen ex von Rochow 1951. In: Chytrý, M. (ed.), Vegetation of the Czech Republic 2. Ruderal, weed, rock and scree vegetation, 196–198. Academia, Praha.
Medina Lemus, J.G., Tejero-Díez, J.D., 2006: Flora y vegetación del parque estatal Atizapán-Valle Escondido, Estado de México. Polibotánica 21, 1–43.
Niklfeld, H., 1971: Bericht über die Kartierung der Flora Mitteleuropas. Taxon 20, 545–571.
Oberbauer, T.A., 2002: Vegetation and flora of Islas Los Coronados, Baja California, México. In: Chaney, H.W., Mitchel, K.L., Browne, D.R. (eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth California Islands Symposium, 212–223. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara.
Rebman, J.P., Gibson, J., Rich, K., 2016: Annotated checklist of Vascular flora of Baja California, Mexico. San Diego Natural History Museum, San Diego.
Rollins, R.C., 1986: Alien species of Lepidium (Cruciferae) in Hawaii. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 67, 137–141.
Rollins, R.C., 1993: Lepidium. In: Hickman, J.C. (ed.), The Jepson Manual: higher plants of California, 426–430. University of California Press, Berkeley.
Sîrbu, C., Oprea, A., 2011: Plante adventive în flora României. Ion Ionescu de la Brad, Iaşi (in Romanian).
Sîrbu, C., Oprea, A., Patriche, C.V., Samuil, C., Vîntu, V., 2014: Alien species of Lepidium in the Flora of Romania: Invasion history and habitat preference. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici 42(1), 239–247.
Shaw, J., Estes, D., Ruhfel, B., Morris, A.B., Littlefield, T.R., 2020: Tennessee-Kentucky Plant Atlas. University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Austin Peay State University, University of Michigan, Furman University, and Kentucky State Nature Preserves Commission.
Small, J.K., 1903: Flora of the southeastern United States. Published by the author, New York.
Starr, F., Starr, K., Loope, L.L., 2006: New plant records from the Hawaiian Archipelago. In: Evenhuis, N.L., Eldredge, L.G. (eds.), Records of the Hawaii biological survey for 2004–2005, Part 1, Articles, 31–43. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers, Honululu.
Swbiodiversity, 2021: Biodiversity occurrence data. Retrieved April 1, 2021 from http://swbiodiversity.org/index.php
TPL, 2013: The Plant List. Version 1.1. Retrieved April 1, 2021 from http://www.theplantlist.org
USDA NRCS, 2020: The PLANTS Database. Retrieved September 23, 2020 from http://plants.usda.gov
Wagner, W.L., Herbst, D.R., Sohmer, S.H., 1999: Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. Revised edition. Bernice P. Bishop Museum special publication. University of Hawai‘i Press, Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu.
Waller, F.R., 1968: Vascular flora of Deaf Smith County, Texas. MSc Thesis. Texas Technological College, Lubbock.
Wilder, J.G., McCombs, M.R., 2003: New records of vascular plants for Ohio and Cuyahoga County, Ohio. Part II. Rhodora 105, 385–394.