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Abstract
As a result of a floristic survey carried out in riparian ecosystems of the south-eastern part of the Iberian Peninsula (Spain), the first report of well-established populations of the alien cultivated plant species Cucurbita moschata Duchesne for the Iberian Peninsula is provided here. Data about the morphological description (compared to other Cucurbita species), certain clarification aspects about the typification status of this name and related syno- nyms, and the ecological and climatic conditions of the riparian area are given together with an identification key of the Cucurbita species to facilitate further identification. The alien status and distribution of C. moschata together with its relatives C. ficifolia, C. pepo and C. maxima are reviewed for the Spanish references. This study outlines the first record of a naturalized population of C. moschata in Spain, well supported by the stability of the population over the years and in the ecological conditions. Finally, detailed ecological data indicate that agricultural activities together with riparian habitatsare starting points and corridors, respectively, for seed dispersal for the process of the invasion of alien plants in the south-eastern Iberian Peninsula.
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References
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- Nee, M., 1990: The domestication of Cucurbita (Cucurbitaceae). Economic Botany 44, 56–68.
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- Paris, H.S., 2000: First two publications by Duchesne of “Cucurbita moschata (Cucurbitaceae)”. Taxon 49, 305–319.
- Paris, H.S., 2016: Genetic resources of pumpkins and squash, Cucurbita spp. In: Grumet, R., Katzir, N., Garcia-Mas, J. (eds.), Genetics and genomics of Cucurbitaceae. Plant Genetics and Genomics: Crops and Models, vol. 20, 111–154. Springer, Cham.
- Pyšek, P., Prach, K., 1995: Invasion dynamics of Impatiens glandulifera – a century of spreading reconstructed. Bio- logical Conservation 74, 41–48.
- Richardson, D.M., Holmes, P.M., Esler, K.J., Galatowitsch, S.M., Stromberg, J.C., Kirkman, S.P., Pyšek, P., Hobbs, R.J., 2007: Riparian vegetation: degradation, alien plant invasions, and restoration prospects. Diversity and Distributions 13, 126– 139.
- Richardson, D.M., Pyšek, P., Rejmánek, M., Barbour, M.G., Panetta, F.D., West, C.J., 2000: Naturalization and invasion of alien plants: concepts and definitions. Diversity and Distributions 6, 93–107.
- Rivas-Martínez, S., Fernández-González, F., Loidi, J., Lousã, M., Penas, Á., 2001: Sintaxonomical Checklist of vascular plant communities of Spain and Portugal to association level. Itinera geobotanica 14, 5–341.
- Sanz Elorza, M., Bernardo, F.G., Oliván, A.S., 2009: La flora alóc- tona de Aragón (España). Botanica Complutensis 33, 69–88.
- Sanz Elorza, M., Dana, E.D., Sobrino, E., 2004: Atlas de las plan- tas alóctonas invasoras en España. Dirección General para la Biodiversidad. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente. Madrid.
- Serra, L., 2007: Estudio crítico de la flora vascular de la provin- cia de Alicante. Ruizia, Monografías del Real Jardín Botáni- co, CSIC, Madrid.
- Serra, L., 2016: El Patrimonio Vegetal de Elda. Entre saladares y estepas del Vinalopó, Ayuntamiento de Elda, Elda.
- Stohlgren, T.J., Bull, K.A., Otsuki, Y., Villa, C.A., Lee, M., 1998: Riparian zones as havens for exotic plant species in the cen- tral grasslands. Plant Ecology 138, 113–125.
- Tardío, J., Pardo de Santayana, M., Morales, R., Molina, M., Aceituno, L., 2018: Inventario Español de los Conocimientos Tradicionales relativos a la Biodiversidad Agrícola, Volumen 1. Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación, Madrid.
- Teppner, H., 2004: Notes in Lagenaria and Cucurbita (Cucur- bitaceae) – Review and new contributions. Phyton 44, 245– 308.
- Terrones, A., Moreno, J., Juan, A., 2021: DNA barcoding sup- ports an easier identification of alien plants: the case of the genus Physalis (Solanaceae) in the Iberian Peninsula (Spain). Annali di Botanica 11, 105–120.
- Thiers, B., 2020: Index Herbariorum: A global directory of pub- lic herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Gar- den’s Virtual Herbarium. Retrieved 2022 from http://sweet- gum.nybg.org/science/ih/.
- Van Steenis-Kruseman, M.J., Van Steenis, C.G.G.J., 1950: Malaysian plant collectors and collections: being a cyclopaedia of botanical exploration in Malaysia and a guide to the concerned literature up to the year 1950. Flora Malesiana - Series 1. Spermatophyta, 1, 2–639.
- Verloove, F., 2018: Cucurbita moschata. In: Manual of the Alien Plants of Belgium. Botanic Garden of Meise, Belgium. Re- trieved January 2, 2022 from https://alienplantsbelgium.be.
- Verloove, F., Alves, P., 2016: New vascular plant records for the western part of the Iberian Peninsula (Portugal and Spain). Folia Botanica Extramadurensis 10, 5–23.
References
Ardenghi, N.M.G., Mossini, S., 2015: Cucurbitaceae. In: Raab- Straube, E. von, Raus, Th. (eds.), Euro+Med-Checklist Not- ulae, 5 [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes 34]. Willdenowia 45, 449–464.
Blanco, M., 1837: Flora de Filipinas, según el Sistema sexual de Line. Ed. 1. Imprenta de Sto. Thomas, Manila.
De Wilde, W.J.J.O., Duyfjes, B.E.E., 2006: Review of the genus Gymnopetalum (Cucurbitaceae). Blumea 51, 281–296.
De Wilde, W.J.J.O., Duyfjes, B.E.E., 2010: Cucurbitaceae. Flora Malesiana Series 1, Spermatophyta 19, 1–333.
Duchesne, A.N. 1786: Essai sur I ‘histoire naturelle des courges. Paris.
Fernandes, R.B., 2005: Cucurbita. In: Castroviejo, S., Aedo, C., Cirujano, S., Laínz, M., Montserrat, P., Morales, R., Muñoz Garmendia, F., Navarro, C., Paiva, J., Soriano, C. (eds.), Flo- ra iberica 3, 465–470. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Madrid.
Gómez-Bellver, C., Nualart, N., Ibáñez, N., Berguera, C., Álvarez, H., Pujol, J.L., 2019: Noves dades per a la flora al·lòctona de Catalunya i del País Valencià. Butlletí de la Institució Catalana d’Història Natural 83, 23–40.
Gómez-Mercado, F., 2009: Cucurbitaceae. In: Blanca, G., Cabezudo, B., Cueto, M., López, C.F, Torres, C.M. (eds.), Flora Vascular de Andalucía Oriental 3, 58–61. Consejería de Medio Ambiente, Junta de Andalucía, Sevilla.
Henning, T., Holstein, N., Raab-Straube, E. von, 2017: Cucur- bitaceae. In: The Euro+Med Plantbase - the information re- source for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Retrieved January 2, 2022 from http://ww2.bgbm.org/EuroPlusMed/.
Herrera, M., Campos, J.A., 2010: Flora alóctona invasora en Bi- zkaia. Instituto para la Sostenibilidad de Bizkaia, Diputación Foral de Bizkaia, Bizkaia.
Iamonico, D., 2021: First record of a naturalized population of the tropical Colocasia esculenta (Araceae) in Italy, and clarifications about its occurrence in southeastern Europe. Acta Botanica Croatica 80, 169–175.
Quintero, J.J, 1981: Cultivo de Calabazas, número 11-12. Publi- caciones de Extensión Agraria, Ministerio de Agricultura, Madrid (in Spanish).
Jonsell, B., Karlsson, T., 2010: Flora Nordica 6. Royal Swedish Academy Sciences, Stockholm.
Juan, A., Terrones, A., Moreno, J., 2019: Contribución a la flora alóctona presente en el río Vinalopó (Alicante, España). Anales de Biología 41, 11–20.
Juárez, C., 2010: La agricultura y el problema del agua en la pro- vincia de Alicante. In: Segrelles, J.A. (coord.), A vueltas con la agricultura: una actividad económica necesaria y margi- nada, 143. Instituto de Cultura Juan Gil-Albert, Alicante.
Lira, R., 1995: Estudios taxonómicos y ecogeográficos de las Cu- curbitaceae Latinoamericanas de importancia económica. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, Italy.
Lira, R., Rodríguez Arévalo, I., 1999: Cucurbitaceae. In: Dávila, P.D., Villaseñor, J.L., Medina, R., Téllez, O. (eds.), Flora del Valle de Tehuacán-Cuicatlán 22, 5–61. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F.
Lust, A.T., Paris, H.S., 2016: Italian horticultural and culinary records of summer squash (Cucurbita pepo, Cucurbitaceae) and emergence of the zucchini in 19th-century Milan. An- nals of Botany 118, 53–69.
Mateo, G., Crespo, M.B., Laguna, E., 2015: Flora Valentina, Vol- ume 3: Angiospermae (III) Convolvulaceae – Juglandaceae. Editorial Fundación de la Comunidad Valenciana para el Medio Ambiente, Valencia.
Merrick, L.C., Bates, D.M., 1989: Classification and nomencla- ture of Cucurbita argyrosperma. Baileya 23, 94–102.
Miquel, F.A.W., 1860: Flora of Dutch East Indies: Main Supple- ment. C.G. van der Post, Amsterdam & C. van der Post Jr., Utrecht (in Dutch).
Nee, M., 1990: The domestication of Cucurbita (Cucurbitaceae). Economic Botany 44, 56–68.
OECD, 2016: Squashes, pumpkins, zucchinis and gourds (Cucurbita species). In: OECD Consensus Documents, Safety Assessment of Transgenic Organisms in the Environment. Vol. 5., OECD Publishing, Paris.
Paris, H.S., 2000: First two publications by Duchesne of “Cucurbita moschata (Cucurbitaceae)”. Taxon 49, 305–319.
Paris, H.S., 2016: Genetic resources of pumpkins and squash, Cucurbita spp. In: Grumet, R., Katzir, N., Garcia-Mas, J. (eds.), Genetics and genomics of Cucurbitaceae. Plant Genetics and Genomics: Crops and Models, vol. 20, 111–154. Springer, Cham.
Pyšek, P., Prach, K., 1995: Invasion dynamics of Impatiens glandulifera – a century of spreading reconstructed. Bio- logical Conservation 74, 41–48.
Richardson, D.M., Holmes, P.M., Esler, K.J., Galatowitsch, S.M., Stromberg, J.C., Kirkman, S.P., Pyšek, P., Hobbs, R.J., 2007: Riparian vegetation: degradation, alien plant invasions, and restoration prospects. Diversity and Distributions 13, 126– 139.
Richardson, D.M., Pyšek, P., Rejmánek, M., Barbour, M.G., Panetta, F.D., West, C.J., 2000: Naturalization and invasion of alien plants: concepts and definitions. Diversity and Distributions 6, 93–107.
Rivas-Martínez, S., Fernández-González, F., Loidi, J., Lousã, M., Penas, Á., 2001: Sintaxonomical Checklist of vascular plant communities of Spain and Portugal to association level. Itinera geobotanica 14, 5–341.
Sanz Elorza, M., Bernardo, F.G., Oliván, A.S., 2009: La flora alóc- tona de Aragón (España). Botanica Complutensis 33, 69–88.
Sanz Elorza, M., Dana, E.D., Sobrino, E., 2004: Atlas de las plan- tas alóctonas invasoras en España. Dirección General para la Biodiversidad. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente. Madrid.
Serra, L., 2007: Estudio crítico de la flora vascular de la provin- cia de Alicante. Ruizia, Monografías del Real Jardín Botáni- co, CSIC, Madrid.
Serra, L., 2016: El Patrimonio Vegetal de Elda. Entre saladares y estepas del Vinalopó, Ayuntamiento de Elda, Elda.
Stohlgren, T.J., Bull, K.A., Otsuki, Y., Villa, C.A., Lee, M., 1998: Riparian zones as havens for exotic plant species in the cen- tral grasslands. Plant Ecology 138, 113–125.
Tardío, J., Pardo de Santayana, M., Morales, R., Molina, M., Aceituno, L., 2018: Inventario Español de los Conocimientos Tradicionales relativos a la Biodiversidad Agrícola, Volumen 1. Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación, Madrid.
Teppner, H., 2004: Notes in Lagenaria and Cucurbita (Cucur- bitaceae) – Review and new contributions. Phyton 44, 245– 308.
Terrones, A., Moreno, J., Juan, A., 2021: DNA barcoding sup- ports an easier identification of alien plants: the case of the genus Physalis (Solanaceae) in the Iberian Peninsula (Spain). Annali di Botanica 11, 105–120.
Thiers, B., 2020: Index Herbariorum: A global directory of pub- lic herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Gar- den’s Virtual Herbarium. Retrieved 2022 from http://sweet- gum.nybg.org/science/ih/.
Van Steenis-Kruseman, M.J., Van Steenis, C.G.G.J., 1950: Malaysian plant collectors and collections: being a cyclopaedia of botanical exploration in Malaysia and a guide to the concerned literature up to the year 1950. Flora Malesiana - Series 1. Spermatophyta, 1, 2–639.
Verloove, F., 2018: Cucurbita moschata. In: Manual of the Alien Plants of Belgium. Botanic Garden of Meise, Belgium. Re- trieved January 2, 2022 from https://alienplantsbelgium.be.
Verloove, F., Alves, P., 2016: New vascular plant records for the western part of the Iberian Peninsula (Portugal and Spain). Folia Botanica Extramadurensis 10, 5–23.