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Abstract

Abstract - With the scarcity of healthy water, plants like tomatoes will be more susceptible to excess boron (EB) in Mediterranean regions. The effects of EB on the growth, free, semi-bound, and bound boron (B) concentrations, and macromolecules of Solanum lycopersicum L. cultivar Castle Rock were investigated in this study. Seedlings were exposed to four levels of EB using boric acid. The results manifested that EB inhibited tomato growth, total water content, and photosynthetic pigments. EB harmed membrane stability, as seen by increased potassium (K) leakage, UV absorbance metabolites, and electrolyte conductivity (EC) in leaf disc solution. EB raised B concentrations in free, semi-bound, and bound forms in seedlings. Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) data revealed that EB induced uneven wax deposition, altered the shape of cell walls, and lowered cellulose synthesis in seedlings. EB can bind to nitrogen amide and sugars, reducing protein synthesis. These results provide new insights into understanding the specific effects of EB on the functional groups of different macromolecules of tomato seedlings.

Keywords

excess boron FTIR analysis membrane stability photosynthetic pigments plant growth tomato

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Copyright (c) 2023 Afaf Hamada, A.A. Radi, H.Kh. Salam, F.A. Farghaly

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How to Cite
Radi, A. A., Salam, H. K., Hamada, A. M., & Farghaly, F. A. (2023). Effect of excess boron on growth, membrane stability, and functional groups of tomato seedlings: Boron toxicity and tomato seedling growth. Acta Botanica Croatica, 82(1). https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2023-001
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